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利用对芳香碳有高选择性转化能力的钌离子催化氧化法研究了胜利减压渣油中芳香分、胶质和庚烷沥青质３种组分的化学结构。定量测定了与芳香核相连的正构烷基侧链和连接两个芳香核的正构烷基桥的分布。结果表明，该渣油的３种组分都含有Ｃ１～Ｃ３３的正构烷基侧链和Ｃ２～Ｃ２２的正构烷基桥。正构烷基侧链的摩尔浓度随其碳数的增加而下降。相对来说，沥青质含有较多的＜Ｃ１０的侧链而＞Ｃ１６的侧链较少。正构烷基桥的浓度按沥青质、胶质、芳香分顺序下降。在３种组分的水相氧化产物中都检测出从邻苯二甲酸到苯六甲酸的一系列苯多甲酸，表明胜利减压渣油中的芳香分、胶质和沥青质都含有缩合程度较高的芳香环系结构。对不同结构苯多甲酸的定量分析表明，沥青质以迫位缩合芳香环系结构为主，芳香分以渺位缩合芳香环系结构为主，胶质介于两者之间。
The chemical structures of three components of aromatic, colloidal and heptane asphaltenes in Shengli vacuum residue were studied by ruthenium ion catalytic oxidation method with high selective conversion to aromatic carbon. The distributions of n-alkyl side chains attached to the aromatic nucleus and n-alkyl bridges connected to two aromatic nuclei were quantitatively determined. The results show that the three components of the residue contain C1 ~ C33 normal alkyl side chain and C2 ~ C22 n-alkyl bridge. The molar concentration of normal alkyl side chains decreases with increasing carbon number. In contrast, asphaltenes contain more C16 have fewer side chains. The concentration of normal alkyl bridge by asphaltene, gum, aromatic points in order to decline. A series of benzene polycarboxylic acids from phthalic acid to mellitic acid were detected in the aqueous oxidation products of the three components, indicating that the aromatic fraction in Shengli vacuum residue contains the degree of condensation Higher aromatic ring structure. Quantitative analysis of the different structures of benzene polycarboxylic acid showed that the asphaltene was dominated by the condensed aromatic ring system, and the aromatic was dominated by the valence condensed aromatic ring system with the colloid between them.