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对无精子症进行病因及染色体核型分析。方法：收集394例病例进行回顾性研究。结果：属睾丸性因素者163例，占41．4％，其中以克氏综合征最多；属于睾丸后因素者125例，占31．8％，最常见为先天性精囊输精管发育不良；12O倒染色核型分析中，染色体异常50例，占41．7％，全部为性染色体异常。结论：无精子症以先天性不育为主；染色体异常是无精子症的一个重要因素；主张对小睾丸、第二性征欠佳以及部分病因不明者应行染色体分析，提出对无精子症的防治方法。
Azoospermia etiology and chromosome karyotype analysis. Methods: A total of 394 cases were collected for retrospective study. Results: There were 163 cases of testicular sex factors, accounting for 41.4%, of which Kirschner’s syndrome was the most; 125 cases were post-testicular factors, accounting for 31.8%, the most common was congenital seminal vesicle vas deferens dysplasia; In the karyotype analysis, 50 cases were chromosomal abnormalities, accounting for 41.7%, all of which were sex chromosome abnormalities. Conclusion: Azoospermia is predominately congenital infertility. Chromosomal abnormality is an important factor in azoospermia. It is suggested that chromosomal analysis should be performed on the small testicles, secondary sexual characteristics and some unknown causes, Prevention and treatment methods.