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为了掌握平顶山市麻疹的流行病学特征 ,对 1999～ 2 0 0 1年麻疹监测系统病例报告及运转情况进行了分析 ,3年共报告 35 4例 ,其中临床诊断 16 0例 ,实验室确诊 88例 ,实验室排除 10 6例。麻疹病例分布在全市 11个县 (市、区 ) ,呈高度散发与局部爆发并存的流行病学模式。爆发 19起 ,其中 2 0 0 1年 14起 ,占 73 6 8% ;爆发病例 174例 ,占全部病例的 70 16 %。全年均有发病 ,3～ 7月为高发。麻疹发病年龄最小为 4月龄 ,最大 4 6岁 ,主要集中在 6～15岁的中小学生。 4 1 5 2 %病例有明确的麻疹疫苗 (MV)免疫史 ,免疫史不详占 4 6 0 5 %。通过调查发现麻疹漏报4 2例 ,漏报率为 38 18%。针对病例的地域分布特征和相关年龄麻疹病例的免疫史分析 ,表明常规免疫要着重提高MV的接种及时性和接种质量 ,特别是 1 5～ 2岁及 7岁的复种 ,以提高人群免疫水平 ,防制麻疹的爆发。
In order to grasp the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Pingdingshan City, the case report and operation status of measles monitoring system from 1999 to 2001 were analyzed. A total of 35 4 cases were reported in 3 years, of which 160 cases were clinically diagnosed and 88 Cases, the laboratory excluded 106 cases. Measles cases were distributed in 11 counties (cities and districts) in the city, showing epidemiological patterns of high emancipation and local eruptions. There were 19 outbreaks, of which 14 cases occurred in 2001, accounting for 73.68%; 174 cases were outbreaks, accounting for 70.16% of all cases. The incidence of all year round, 3 to 7 months for the high incidence. The youngest age of measles onset is 4 months old, maximum 46 years old, mainly concentrated in 6 to 15 years of primary and secondary students. 4 1 5 2% of cases have a clear history of measles vaccine (MV) immunization, immunization history is unknown 4660%. According to the survey, 42 cases of measles were omitted, with a false negative rate of 38.18%. According to the geographical distribution of cases and immunization history of measles cases of related age, it shows that the conventional immunization should focus on improving the vaccination timeliness and vaccination quality of MV, especially the multiple cropping of 1 5 ~ 2 years old and 7 years old, in order to improve the immune level of the population, Prevention of measles outbreak.