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通过ISSR标记结合形态学性状,分析了茶树‘黄山种’自然杂交后代的遗传多样性。所调查形态学性状的平均变异系数为20.5%(12.5%～33.2%),Shannon-weave指数平均为1.89(1.60～2.07)。22条ISSR引物在供试样品中共扩增出402条带,其中多态性条带396条,多态性比率为98.5%,引物的多态性信息指数(PIC)平均达0.90,供试样品的基因多样性(H)和Shannon信息指数(I)分别为0.32和0.49。充分表明‘黄山种’通过自然杂交,发生了基因的分离和重组,产生了丰富的遗传变异。Mantel检测基于形态学与基因型估算的遗传距离矩阵间,存在极显著正相关(r=0.61,P=0.01)。基于形态学性状和ISSR标记的聚类结果显示,大多数‘黄山种’自然杂交后代的单株可聚成一大类群,只有少数单株遗传距离较远,单独聚为一类。这些单株一芽三叶长、百芽质量较大,可为今后‘黄山种’系统选种提供优异种质材料。
The ISSR markers and morphological traits were used to analyze the genetic diversity of ’Huangshan’ hybrids. The average coefficient of variation (CV) of the morphological traits investigated was 20.5% (12.5% -33.2%), and Shannon-weave index was 1.89 (1.60-2.07). A total of 402 ISSR primers were amplified from 22 ISSR primers, of which 396 were polymorphic bands with a polymorphism ratio of 98.5%. The polymorphic information index (PIC) of the primers reached an average of 0.90. The test samples The genetic diversity (H) and Shannon’s information index (I) were 0.32 and 0.49, respectively. It fully shows that ’Huangshan species’ had natural genetic crosses and genetic segregation and recombination occurred, resulting in abundant genetic variation. There was a significant positive correlation (r = 0.61, P = 0.01) between Mantel test and genetic distance matrix based on morphological and genotypic estimates. The clustering results based on morphological traits and ISSR markers showed that most of the individual hybrids of ’Huangshan’ hybrids could be clustered into a large group. Only a few individuals were far apart and grouped together. These single buds long trilobal, bud quality, larger, for the future ’Huangshan species’ system selection to provide excellent germplasm material.