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广义的文化是人类的全部社会传统,全部知识和习俗的总和,包括精神的和物质的,如价值观念、审美标准、宗教信仰、技术、经济、教育、语言等,每群人。每个地区或国家都有自己的文化。人们认为现在世界上有三大文化。西方文化,东方文化和伊斯兰文化,每种文化中又包括若干亚文化。东方文化以中华文化为核心,中华文化的传统部分以儒家思想为核心。在近代历史中,中国又借鉴和吸收了马列主义,这是中国最大的一次文化吸收和变革,马列主义成为中华文化的一个组成部分。现在我们又面临着一次重大的文化吸收过程,即引进市场经济,从而使我们面临一次多方面的文化调整。
The broad culture is the entire social tradition of mankind, the sum of all knowledge and customs, including spiritual and material, such as values, aesthetic standards, religious beliefs, technology, economy, education, language, etc., for each group of people. Each region or country has its own culture. People think that there are now three major cultures in the world. Western culture, Eastern culture and Islamic culture, each culture includes several subcultures. Oriental culture is centered on Chinese culture, and the traditional part of Chinese culture is centered on Confucianism. In modern history, China learned from and absorbed Marxism-Leninism. This is China’s largest cultural absorption and transformation. Marxism-Leninism has become an integral part of Chinese culture. Now we are facing a major cultural absorption process, that is, the introduction of a market economy, so that we face a multifaceted cultural adjustment.