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ESA(欧洲航天局)根据1990年后可能的任务和有效载荷要求,确定了在AR-4(阿里安4)之后的欧洲一些未来运载器选择方案。这些方案是:(1)与AR-4部件组合的运载器,(2)一次性使用的AR-5运载器,(3)具有可重复使用第二级的AR,(4)新型一次性使用的低温运载器,(5)可完全重复使用的运载器。每种运载器的低地球轨道有效载荷质量都在10至16Mg之间。对于最重要的地球同步通讯卫星这类任务(2.5至4.5Mg)来说,已分别对其发送和入轨系统作了分析,包括费用和费效分析。在经济性和方案方面同美国和其他国家九十年代的发射系统作了分析对比,其结论是,只有可完全重复使用的运载器才能满足一切任务和有效载荷的要求;并且,只有这样的运载器才能从根本上降低发射费用。对欧洲的运载器技术概况和未来航天运输领域的活动计划作了结论性研究。作为本研究的一部分,还建立了运载器的研究、制造和使用费用模型。
Based on possible mission and payload requirements after 1990, ESA (European Space Agency) identified some future carrier options in Europe following AR-4 (Ariane 4). These programs are: (1) a carrier combined with an AR-4 component, (2) a single-use AR-5 carrier, (3) an AR with a reusable second level, Low-temperature carriers, (5) fully reusable carriers. Each carrier has a low Earth orbit payload of between 10 and 16 Megabytes. For tasks such as the most important geostationary communications satellites (2.5 to 4.5 megabytes), their transmit and orbit systems have been separately analyzed, including cost and cost efficiency analyzes. The economic and programmatic analysis of the launch systems of the United States and other countries in the 1990s concluded that only fully reusable vehicles can meet all mission and payload requirements and that only such vehicles In order to fundamentally reduce launch costs. A conclusive study was conducted on the technical profile of the European carrier and the plan of activities in the future of space transportation. As part of this study, a model for the cost of research, manufacture and use of vehicles was also established.