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目的探索西藏高海拔地区消化性溃疡(PU)的发病特点,藏汉民族的内镜下病变部位分布,低氧环境及生活习惯与本病的关系,PU 并发症检出率,患病高峰年龄及防治措施。方法回顾性统计分析我院近20年来经内镜检出的 PU 1346例资料,采用内镜为 GF-B_2,GIF-K,GIF-D_4,GIF-XQ20等,制定出内镜诊断标准,观察溃疡面大小、形状、并发症部位及检出率、病理活检。结果高海拔地区 PU 内镜检出率高(23.4%),汉族胃溃疡(GU)与十二指肠溃疡(DU)检出率相近,藏族 GU 检出率高于 DU(2.76:1),PU 发病高峰年龄为21-30岁,较平原地区提前,以出血为主的并发症检出率高(73.6%)。结论高海拔低氧、低气温、地理环境差、卫生条件差、饮食习惯不良等是导致 PU 患病率高、高峰年龄提前、并发症检出率高的重要因素。进入高海拔后应在2个月至3年内采取相应措施,预防PU 发生,PU 发生后积极治疗可减少并发症。
Objective To explore the incidence characteristics of peptic ulcer (PU) in Tibet at high altitude, the distribution of endoscopic lesions in Tibetans and Han nationalities, the relationship between hypoxia environment and lifestyle, the detection rate of PU complication, the peak age at onset And prevention and treatment measures. Methods Retrospective analysis of 1346 cases of PU in our hospital over the past 20 years by endoscopy, using endoscopy GF-B_2, GIF-K, GIF-D_4, GIF-XQ20, etc., to develop a diagnostic criteria for endoscopy, observation Ulcer surface size, shape, complications and detection rate, biopsy. Results The detection rate of PU in high altitude was high (23.4%). The detection rate of gastric ulcer (GU) and duodenal ulcer (DU) in Han was similar to that of DU (2.76: 1) The peak age of PU onset was 21-30 years old, which was earlier than that in plain areas. The detection rate of bleeding-dominated complication was high (73.6%). Conclusions High altitude hypoxia, low temperature, poor geographical environment, poor sanitary conditions and poor eating habits are the important factors leading to the high prevalence of PU, the peak age and the high detection rate of complications. After entering the high altitude should be 2 months to 3 years to take appropriate measures to prevent the occurrence of PU, PU after active treatment can reduce complications.