论文部分内容阅读
目的：调查中学阶段学生视力状况，研究产生屈光不正的主要影响因素。 方法用单纯随机方法，选择有代表意义的农村与市区中学各两所，对所有在校生进行屈光测定，并测定教室照度、采光系数与采光角，填写户外活动时间与每天学习时间。 结果城市中学近视人数和眼数均高于农村（Ｘ２＝８６．４０，Ｐ＜０．００１），随着学龄的增长，视力不良状况亦逐渐加重，呈正相关关系ｒ＝０．９２７，Ｐ＜０．０１）。男女性别间无差别。高中阶段明显高于初中阶段（Ｘ２＝２１． ０４，Ｐ＜０． ０１）。 结论影响近视发生的因素有：学习负担重，户外活动少，大气污染与学龄长等。提示预防近视应科学地安排作息时间和充足的户外活动。
Objective: To investigate the visual acuity of middle school students and to study the main influencing factors of refractive errors. Methods A simple random method was used to select two representative rural and urban high schools respectively. All the students in school were measured refractive power. The classroom illumination, lighting coefficient and lighting angle were measured. The time of outdoor activities and daily study time were also filled out. Results The number of myopia and the number of eyes in urban middle schools were higher than those in rural areas (X2 = 86.40, P <0.001). With the increase of school age, the visual acuity also gradually increased, with a positive correlation of r = 0.927, P < 0.01). There is no difference between men and women. The high school stage was significantly higher than the junior high school stage (X2 = 21.04, P <0.01). Conclusion The factors affecting the occurrence of myopia are: learning burden, less outdoor activities, air pollution and school age. Tip prevention of myopia should be arranged scientifically schedules time and adequate outdoor activities.