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利用汉诺威弧焊质量分析仪、高速摄像机、光谱仪实现对激光-电弧复合焊接过程的焊接电信号、电弧形态图像、等离子体发射光谱等信号的同步采集。研究了激光-电弧两脉冲热源复合焊接过程中电弧形态变化、等离子体的电子温度和电子密度变化规律。结果表明,电弧燃弧初期在激光匙孔和焊丝端部形成明显的抛物线形的白亮带,白亮带成为电弧与熔池实现能量交换的主要通道,随着电弧燃烧的进行白亮带逐渐消失。等离子体的电阻率的计算结果表明,激光等离子体具有更低的电阻率,是导电通道形成的始点。随着激光脉冲作用时间的增加,等离子体辐射光谱的强度增加,等离子体电子密度升高,电子温度降低。
Simultaneous acquisition of signals such as welding electric signal, arc shape image and plasma emission spectrum in laser - arc hybrid welding process was realized by using Hanover arc welding mass analyzer, high speed camera and spectrometer. The variation of arc shape and plasma electron temperature and electron density during laser-arc two-pulse heat source composite welding were studied. The results show that a clear parabolic white bright band is formed at the laser keyhole and the welding wire. The white bright band becomes the main channel for the energy exchange between the arc and the molten pool. The white bright band disappears gradually as the arc burns. The calculation of the plasma resistivity shows that the laser plasma has a lower resistivity and is the starting point for the formation of the conductive channel. As the laser pulse time increases, the intensity of the plasma emission spectrum increases, the plasma electron density increases, and the electron temperature decreases.