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对诸如航天器、发电厂、汽车、土木结构等实体工程系统进行优化设计就是在满足工程性能指标,设计可用资源等条件限制下按一定评价标准寻求最优设计方案的过程。值得指出的是:目前的工程优化设计理论几乎都是针对具体单元、孤立结构的;系统工程的优化理论又几乎全是针对已建成系统的运行,控制和管理的。对于如何利用计算机等现代数值分析计算手段自动高效地设计一个工程系统,使其得到总体上的全局性的协调一致的优化,据我们所知,成熟的理论为数甚少,尚处于探索阶段。
Optimizing the design of physical engineering systems such as spacecraft, power plant, automobile, civil engineering and so on is the process of seeking the optimal design plan according to certain evaluation criteria under the condition of meeting the engineering performance indexes and designing available resources. It is worth pointing out that: At present, most of the theory of engineering optimization and design are aimed at concrete units and isolated structures. The optimization theory of system engineering is almost entirely aimed at the operation, control and management of the completed systems. How to design an engineering system automatically and efficiently by means of modern numerical analysis and calculation means such as computer makes it obtain the overall global coordinated optimization. To our knowledge, there are only a few mature theories which are still at the exploratory stage.