论文部分内容阅读
人本是自然的一部分。但是,人又绝非一般自然物,而是与一般自然物相区别的、高度发展了的、特殊的、有生命的自然物。他是自然的异化,是最有智慧的、知情意发展最高的那一部分自然。就此而言,他又是非自然。人是一种非自然的自然物或者说自然的非自然物,一句话,人是文化的动物。从外在表征看,文化的种种形态以“符号”的形式表现出来;而从内在蕴藏看,文化的深层内核是价值,就此而言,人生活在一个价值的世界中,人是价值的动物。这可以提供我们从另一角度界定人与动物的根本区别:对于动物而言,不存在“价值”问题,周围环境对于动物来说只是一个“物理”的世界、“事实”的世界;只有人才有“价值”问题,他所面对着的根本上是一个价值世界、文化世界、意义世界,一个主体性的充满理想的世界。
Humanity is a natural part. However, human beings are by no means ordinary natural objects, but rather highly developed, special and living natural objects that are distinguished from ordinary natural objects. He is a natural alienation and the most intelligent part of nature with the highest development of knowledge and understanding. In this regard, he is unnatural again. Man is a kind of unnatural natural things or natural unnatural things, in a word, people are cultural animals. From the external representation, the various forms of culture are manifested in the form of “signs.” From the perspective of the intrinsic deposit, the deep core of culture is value. In this sense, human beings live in a value world, in which humans are valued animals . This can provide us with a fundamental distinction between humans and animals from another perspective: for animals, there is no “value” problem, and the environment is only a “physical” and “factual” world for animals; only the human There is a problem of “value”. What he is facing is essentially a world of values, a cultural world, a world of meaning and a subjective and ideal world.