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目的评估糖尿病患者参加自我管理小组活动前后自我效能的改变情况,分析其影响因素,为完善自我管理小组活动效果提供相关依据。方法将参加中国糖尿病综合管理项目2014年社区糖尿病患者自我管理小组活动的所有糖尿病患者(1 509人)为研究对象,通过活动前后两次问卷调查了解患者的基本信息和自我效能得分情况,采用多重线性回归分析干预效果的影响因素。结果自我管理小组活动后,糖尿病患者自我效能总体得分(101.19±18.91)分高于活动前(85.88±20.99)分,差异有统计学意义(t=30.04,P<0.01)。多因素分析结果显示,参加小组活动的次数(β=0.87)、有社区医生参加(β=5.69)及自觉所学知识和技能有用(β=7.16)与自我效能得分的提升呈正相关;自评活动内容较难理解(β=-3.84)与自我效能得分的提升呈负相关。结论自我管理小组活动可以提高糖尿病患者的自我效能,患者参加小组活动的次数、对活动内容的理解程度等是影响糖尿病患者自我效能提高的因素。
Objective To evaluate the changes of self-efficacy of patients with diabetes before and after their self-management activities, analyze the influencing factors and provide relevant evidences for improving self-management activities. Methods All diabetic patients (1 509) who participated in the activities of self-management of diabetes patients in community in China in 2014 were enrolled in this study. Two questionnaires were used to understand the patients’ basic information and self-efficacy scores. Linear Regression Analysis Intervention Effect Factors. Results After self-management group activities, the overall score of self-efficacy of diabetic patients was higher (101.19 ± 18.91) than that before exercise (85.88 ± 20.99), the difference was statistically significant (t = 30.04, P <0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that the frequency of participation in group activities (β = 0.87), community doctor participation (β = 5.69), and knowledge of self-knowledge and skills (β = 7.16) were positively correlated with self-efficacy scores The content of activities is more difficult to understand (β = -3.84) and self-efficacy score is negatively correlated. Conclusion Self-management group activities can improve the self-efficacy of patients with diabetes, the number of patients participating in group activities, the degree of understanding of the activities, etc. are the factors that affect the self-efficacy of diabetes patients.