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小麦赤霉菌(Fusarium graminearum Schw.)子囊壳形成的温度范围为5—35℃,子囊和子囊孢子形成的温度范围为13—33℃。子囊壳和子囊孢子形成的最适温为25—28℃。基物湿润是子囊壳形成和发育的基本条件。基物处于干燥状态,如空气湿度达到饱和,仍可形成子囊壳和子囊孢子,但时间延迟,如空气湿度在95%以下,则不能形成子囊壳。基物保持湿润,即使空气湿度低至55%,仍能形成子囊壳和子囊孢子。散射光有利于子囊壳的形成,特别在培养的初期阶段更为重要。如培养初期处于黑暗下,即使以后给予光照,子囊壳的形成时间被推迟,且数量少。面子囊和子囊孢子的形成不受光照的影响,在黑暗下亦可形成。子囊壳的发育和子囊孢子形成可以间歇式进行。水滴的存在有利于子囊孢子从子囊壳中释放。在饱和湿度和95%以上湿度时,子囊孢子虽能释放,但时间延缓。空气湿度低至95%以下,子囊孢子则不能释放。温度对子囊孢子释放的影响似乎较小,在3℃下也可释放,只是温度很低时释放时间有延缓趋势,特别是和低的水湿配合时更为明显。子囊孢子释放不受光的影响。孢子的释放由于受水湿影响,而呈现一定的规律变化。表现为夜晚多于白天,雨天多于晴天。在一日中,一般以22时至次日8时前子囊孢子释放最多。子囊孢子萌发的温度范围为4—35℃,以25—30℃为最适,经4—8小时萌发率可达90%以上。子囊孢子在无水滴的情况下也可萌发,但空气湿度低至81%以下,则不能萌发。子囊孢子萌发不需要光照和补充营养,萌发后,在玻片上可形成很多菌丝,并很快形成单生的大型分生孢子。子囊孢子寿命较长,在室内条件下,约可存活25天以上,在室外麦穗上可存活6天以上。
The temperature of the capsid formation of Fusarium graminearum Schw. Was 5-35 ° C, and the temperature of the ascosporocysts and ascospores was 13-33 ° C. The optimum temperature for the formation of ascochlea and ascospores is 25-28 ° C. Substrate wetting is the basic conditions for the formation and development of the capsule shell. The substrate is in a dry state. For example, if the air humidity is saturated, the ascus shell and the ascospores can still form, but the time delay may not be formed if the air humidity is below 95%. The substrate remains moist, allowing the formation of ascochlea ascus and ascospores, even at as low as 55% humidity. Scattering light favors the formation of the capsular shell, especially in the early stages of culture. If the initial culture is in darkness, the formation time of the capsule shell is delayed and the number is small, even if illumination is given later. The formation of face and ascospores is unaffected by light and can also be formed in darkness. The development of the ascochlea shell and the formation of ascospores can be performed batchwise. The presence of water droplets facilitates the release of ascospores from the capsid shell. At saturation humidity and humidity above 95%, ascospores can release, but the time delay. Air humidity as low as 95%, ascospores can not be released. The effect of temperature on the release of ascospores seems to be small and can also be released at 3 ° C. However, the release time tends to be slow at low temperatures, especially when wetted with low water. Ascospore release is unaffected by light. The release of spores due to the impact of water wetting, showing some changes in the law. The performance of the night than in the day, rainy days more than sunny. In the first day, the ascospores are released most frequently from 22:00 to the 8th of the next day. Ascospore germination temperature range of 4-35 ℃, 25-30 ℃ for the most appropriate, after 4-8 hours germination rate of up to 90%. Ascospores can germinate in the absence of water droplets, but can not germinate when the air humidity is as low as 81%. Ascospore germination does not require light and nutritional supplements, germination, the glass can be formed on a lot of mycelium, and the rapid formation of single large conidia. Ascospore life longer, under indoor conditions, can survive for about 25 days, outdoor wheat ear can survive more than 6 days.