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目的分析浙江省温州市美沙酮维持治疗与强制隔离戒毒两种不同模式戒毒人员的生存质量状况及其影响因素,为制定提高戒毒人员生存质量的卫生服务措施提供依据。方法采用药物成瘾者生存质量评定量表(QOL-DA)及自制问卷对温州市199名美沙酮维持治疗人员与207名强制隔离戒毒人员进行生存质量测定,运用多元线性回归分析其影响因素。结果美沙酮维持治疗人员与强制戒毒人员年龄、户籍、婚姻状况、毒龄、吸食毒品种类、吸毒方式、戒毒次数、当前戒毒持续时间及是否患有吸毒相关疾病差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组戒毒人员总体生存质量差异无统计学意义,但美沙酮维持治疗人员戒断症状与毒副反应得分低于强戒组,社会功能得分高于强制戒毒组(P<0.05)。吸毒相关疾病、毒龄、当前戒毒持续时间是戒毒人员生存质量的影响因素。结论温州市两种不同戒毒模式戒毒人员生存质量各个领域受到不同程度的影响,应针对各自薄弱环节采取卫生服务措施以提高其生存质量。
Objective To analyze the quality of life and influencing factors of methadone maintenance treatment and compulsive isolation and detoxification in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, and to provide basis for developing health service measures to improve the quality of life of drug addicts. Methods The QOL-DA and self-made questionnaires were used to measure the quality of life of 199 methadone maintenance treatment workers and 207 mandatory isolation drug users in Wenzhou City, and the influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate linear regression analysis. Results There were significant differences in the age, household registration, marital status, drug age, substance abuse, drug addiction, detoxification duration, duration of detoxification and drug-related illnesses between methadone maintenance treatment staff and compulsive drug abusers (P <0.05) . There was no significant difference in the overall quality of life between the two groups of drug addicts, but the withdrawal symptoms and adverse reaction scores of methadone maintenance treatment group were lower than those of the strong deterrent group, and the social function scores were higher than that of compulsory detoxification group (P <0.05). Drug-related diseases, drug age, the current duration of drug rehabilitation is the impact of the quality of life of drug abusers. Conclusions The quality of life of the drug addicts in two different detoxification models in Wenzhou City are affected in varying degrees in various fields. Health service measures should be taken to improve their quality of life for their respective weaknesses.