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目的对南通市某大型船舶建造企业存在的职业病危害因素及采取的防护措施进行分析和评价,提出相应的对策和措施,防止和控制职业病的发生。方法采用现场调查法、检验检测法、检查表法和定量分级法等相结合的方法,对该企业职业病危害及控制措施效果进行定性和定量评价。结果作业场所中职业病危害因素的检测结果提示主要职业病危害因素粉尘、锰及其无机化合物、噪声等超标;粉尘超标率达到16%,噪声超标率达到20%。除喷漆岗位的二甲苯存在超标现象外,其余各检测点、各检测项目的检测结果均在职业接触限值以内。结论该企业应重点关注粉尘、锰及其无机化合物、噪声等职业危害因素的控制,关注员工职业健康检查;通过更有效的通风、个人防护和管理措施等,限制职业病危害因素的影响程度和范围,从而进一步提高职业卫生管理工作的水平。
Objective To analyze and evaluate the occupational hazards and protection measures of a large shipbuilding enterprise in Nantong City and propose corresponding countermeasures and measures to prevent and control the occurrence of occupational diseases. Methods The methods of on-the-spot investigation, inspection and test, checklist and quantitative classification were used to evaluate the effect of occupational hazards and control measures in this enterprise qualitatively and quantitatively. Results The test results of occupational hazards in workplaces showed that the main occupational hazards were dust, manganese and inorganic compounds, noise and so on. The exceeding of dust rate reached 16% and the noise excess rate reached 20%. In addition to spray paint post xylene over the standard phenomenon, the remaining test points, test results of the test items are within the occupational exposure limits. Conclusion The company should focus on the control of occupational hazards such as dust, manganese, inorganic compounds and noise, and pay attention to occupational health check-ups. Limit the extent and scope of the impact of occupational hazards through more effective ventilation, personal protection and management measures , So as to further improve the level of occupational health management.