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据文献统计,本世纪初潜水员的在职死亡率为3～11%,而70年代仍在1～14%之间,无大变化.作者对前苏联某水域的1027名潜水员进行了分析,其中141人为60m以下深潜水员,623人为60m以内潜水员,263人为救险部门潜水员(依此序排列).1963～1988年期间,能干到退休的分别为9.4、10.6、11.1和4.9%;因健康原因脱离潜水员岗位的分别为6.4、5.0、7.7和3.8%;在职死亡者分别为1.1、0.7、1.6、0%.离岗原因中,24.5%因职业病,10.8%为精神病,其余为躯体病.在慢性减压病中,73.4%
According to the statistics of literature, divers duty at the beginning of this century was 3-11%, while that of divers was still 1-14% in the 1970s, with no major change. The author analyzed 1027 divers in a certain Soviet water area, of which 141 Divers below 60m, Divers within 60m for 623, and Divers from 263 for the Department of Rescue (Sorted in this order). From 1963 to 1988, they were able to retire at 9.4, 10.6, 11.1 and 4.9% respectively; due to health reasons Divers positions were 6.4,5.0,7.7 and 3.8%, respectively; the number of on-the-job deaths were 1.1,0.7,1.6,0% respectively. Of the reasons for leaving the job, 24.5% were due to occupational diseases, 10.8% were mentally ill and the rest were somatic diseases. In decompression sickness, 73.4%