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目的了解青少年忽视度状况并探讨其相关影响因素。方法采取多阶段抽样方法选取嘉兴市和芜湖市7所中学学生作为研究对象,进行现场问卷调查,内容包括一般人口学特征、父母养育方式评价量表和中国城市中学生忽视评价量表等。共发放调查问卷6700份,收回有效问卷6347份,有效率为94.7%。结果 2296名研究对象曾受到过忽视,总忽视率为36.17%。总忽视度评分为50.41±9.70,其中男生(51.77±9.95)明显高于女生(49.07±9.26)、芜湖市(50.80±9.33)高于嘉兴市(49.80±10.21)、非独生子女(51.28±9.36)明显高于独生子女(49.65±9.93)及高年级评分较低年级高,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。芜湖市中学生在身体、情感、教育、安全、医疗5个层面上的忽视度评分高于嘉兴市;男生和非独生子女在身体、情感、教育、安全、医疗及社会6个层面的忽视度评分分别高于女生和独生子女,不同年级在6个层面上的忽视度评分差异也均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,中学生总忽视度与父亲情感温暖理解、母亲拒绝否认、年级、母亲情感温暖理解、父亲惩罚严厉、性别、母亲过分干涉保护、母亲文化程度、父亲偏爱被试、成绩、母亲惩罚严厉、父亲拒绝否认、家庭年收入有关联。结论中学生中存在一定程度的忽视现象,父母采取情感温暖的教养方式可以有效降低忽视的发生,而父亲惩罚严厉、偏爱被试、拒绝否认,母亲过分干涉保护、拒绝否认、惩罚严厉会增加青少年忽视发生的风险。
Objective To understand the status of adolescent neglect and explore its related factors. Methods A multi-stage sampling method was adopted to select 7 middle school students in Jiaxing and Wuhu as the research subjects. The questionnaire survey was conducted on the site, including general demographic characteristics, parental rearing style assessment scale and neglect assessment scale of Chinese urban middle school students. A total of 6700 questionnaires were distributed and 6347 valid questionnaires were returned, with an effective rate of 94.7%. Results 2296 subjects have been neglected, with a total neglect rate of 36.17%. The total neglect score was 50.41 ± 9.70, which was significantly higher in boys (51.77 ± 9.95) than in girls (49.07 ± 9.26), in Wuhu (50.80 ± 9.33), in Jiaxing (49.80 ± 10.21) and in non-only children (51.28 ± 9.36) ) Was significantly higher than that of the only child (49.65 ± 9.93) and the grade of higher grades, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Wuhu middle school students in physical, emotional, education, safety, medical five levels of neglect score higher than Jiaxing City; male and non-singleton in physical, emotional, educational, security, medical and social aspects of the six levels of neglect score Respectively, which were higher than girls and only children. There was also a statistically significant difference in neglect scores at six levels among different grades (P <0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the total neglect of middle school students and their father’s warmth and understanding, the mother refused to deny, the grade, the mother’s warmth and understanding, the severe punishment of the father, the gender, the mother over-interference and protection, the mother’s education, the father’s preference test, the achievement, the mother Severe punishment, his father refused to deny that family income is related. Conclusions There is a certain degree of neglect among middle school students. Parents adopt a warm and emotional parenting style can effectively reduce the incidence of neglect. However, the father punished severely, favored the participants, refused to deny, the mother overly interfered with the protection, refused to deny, and severely punished the young people to neglect The risk of happening.