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目的:分析终末期肾病维持性血液透析患者死亡的主要原因及相关因素,为提高生存率提供依据。方法:选择治疗时间>4个月的患者95例,观察患者的性别、年龄分布、原发病所占比例、开始透析时机对生存率的影响。结果:中青年组生存率高于高龄组;糖尿病肾病生存率最低,早期透析组生存率高于晚期透析组;>50岁患者死亡人数高于中青年组,死亡原因中以脑血管意外为主,其次是心衰,感染。结论:心脑血管并发症、各种感染是维持性血液透析患者最主要的死亡原因,高龄、糖尿病肾病、晚期透析、营养不良是患者死亡的危险因素。
Objective: To analyze the main causes and related factors of death in maintenance hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease and provide the basis for improving the survival rate. Methods: Ninety-five patients were selected who were treated for> 4 months. Their gender, age distribution, the proportion of primary disease and the impact of the timing of dialysis on survival were observed. Results: The survival rate of middle-aged group was higher than that of senior group. The survival rate of diabetic nephropathy was the lowest. The survival rate of early dialysis group was higher than that of late dialysis group. The death rate of patients aged> 50 years was higher than that of middle-aged group. Cerebrovascular accident was the main cause of death , Followed by heart failure, infection. Conclusion: Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications and various infections are the main causes of death in maintenance hemodialysis patients. The elderly, diabetic nephropathy, late dialysis and malnutrition are the risk factors of death.