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目的了解2013年媒体报道乙型肝炎疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccination,HepB)事件对医院出生新生儿首剂HepB接种的影响,评估事件后医护人员的疫苗信任度。方法在中国8个省每个省随机选择1家省级、2家市级、6家县级医院,调查2013年11月下旬-2014年3月中旬新生儿出生后24h内接种HepB情况和医护人员对HepB事件的看法。结果共调查100家医院、52 850名新生儿。HepB事件发生后,HBsAg阳性、阴性母亲所生新生儿接种率分别从98.0%降至93.3%、从95.2%降至88.7%;事件结束后2个月,接种率分别上升至98.7%和93.8%。各省新生儿出生后24h内HepB接种率在事件发生后均有不同程度下降,HBsAg阴性母亲所生新生儿24h内首剂HepB接种率随时间变化更明显。所调查的医护人员对事件的知晓率为100%,知晓途径主要是网络和电视;其中77.3%认为国产疫苗安全,21.5%认为事件中的婴儿死亡与接种HepB有关联。结论 HepB事件导致医院出生新生儿HepB首剂及时接种率、医护人员对HepB的信心下降。应进一步宣传HepB接种相关知识,以保证新生儿首剂HepB接种率和医护人员的疫苗信任度。
Objective To understand the impact of hepatitis B vaccine (Hepatitis B Vaccination, HepB) on the first dose HepB vaccination in newborns in hospital in 2013 and to evaluate the vaccine trust of health care workers after the incident. Methods One provincial, two municipal and six county hospitals were randomly selected in each of the eight provinces of China to investigate the situation of HepB vaccination and medical care within 24 hours after birth from mid-November 2013 to mid-March 2014 Personnel view of HepB incident. Results A total of 100 hospitals and 52 850 newborns were investigated. After HepB, the inoculation rates of newborns born to HBsAg-positive and -negative mothers decreased from 98.0% to 93.3% from 95.2% to 88.7%, respectively. After 2 months, the inoculation rates increased to 98.7% and 93.8% respectively, . HepB vaccination rate within 24 hours after birth in all provinces dropped to varying degrees after the incident, and the first dose of HepB in neonates born to HBsAg-negative mothers changed more obviously with time. The health care workers surveyed knew 100% of the incidents, and the main ways of knowing were internet and television. Among them, 77.3% thought domestic vaccines were safe and 21.5% believed that infant incidents were related to HepB vaccination. Conclusion The HepB incident led to timely vaccination rate of newborn HepB born in hospital, and the confidence of medical staff in HepB decreased. HepB vaccination should be further publicity related knowledge to ensure that the first dose of HepB neonatal immunization coverage and health care workers vaccine confidence.