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“民主”是政治常识中一个基本的概念,是高考命题不可回避的一个知识点。为此,我们必须正确理解和掌握它。 我们知道“国家制度”是有关国家本质和国家政权的组织形式(即国体和政体)。主要是指社会各阶级在国家中的地位,以及由哪个阶级采取什么政权组织形式实行专政的制度。既然民主是一种国家制度,那么,反过来我们就应从国体意义和政体意义两个不同角度去掌握民主的科学含义。 首先国体意义上的民主(即民主的阶级性)是从国家的阶级本质上来讲的。国家政权掌握在哪个阶级手中,就决定了哪个阶、级享有民主。在资本主义国家由于实行生产资料资本主义私有制,这就决定了资产阶级在国家经济和政治上都处于统治地位。民主自然成了资产阶级享有的民主。资产阶级专政的基本任务之一就是保护资产阶级的民主,限制无产阶级和广大劳动人民的民主。什么“全民的民主”、“超阶级的民主”在世界上是根本不存在的,纯属欺人之谈。在社会主义国家里,由于实行生产资料社会主义公有制,这就决定了广大劳动人民是国家和社会的主人,民主自然成了占人口绝大多数的广大劳动人民享有的民主。人民
“Democracy” is a basic concept in political common sense, and it is an unavoidable point of knowledge for college entrance examination propositions. To do this, we must understand and master it correctly. We know that the “national system” is the organization of the nature of the country concerned and the state power (namely, the state and the government). Mainly refers to the status of all classes of society in the country, and the system in which the political organization adopts dictatorship. Since democracy is a national system, then, in turn, we should grasp the scientific meaning of democracy from two different perspectives: the meaning of state and the meaning of government. First of all, democracy in the sense of the state (ie, the class nature of democracy) is in terms of the class nature of the country. In the hands of which class the state power is in control, it is decided which level and level enjoys democracy. In capitalist countries, because of the private ownership of capitalist capitalism, this determines that the bourgeoisie is in a dominant position both economically and politically. Democracy has naturally become a democracy enjoyed by the bourgeoisie. One of the basic tasks of the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie is to protect the capitalist democracy and limit the democracy of the proletariat and the working people. What “people’s democracy” and “super class democracy” do not exist in the world at all is purely deceptive. In the socialist countries, the implementation of the socialist public ownership of the means of production has determined that the majority of the working people are the masters of the country and society, and democracy and nature have become the democracy enjoyed by the vast majority of working people, who account for the vast majority of the population. people