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目的了解什邡市马井镇地震后居民基本卫生状况,为制订震后卫生防病措施提供科学依据。方法采取随机整群抽样方法抽样,使用自拟问卷入户调查。结果67.1%的家庭能使用含氯消毒剂对生活饮用水进行消毒,其中76.8%的家庭能做到每天消毒1次以上。完全吃熟食的家庭占被调查家庭82.8%,住在帐篷内的家庭占84.0%;帐篷周围环境整洁的占65.2%;采用防蚊措施的占99.1%;64.2%的家庭旱厕离家庭水井的距离在5m以上;92.3%的家庭对家禽家畜粪便未进行无害化处理;居住场所及厕所消毒均达到90%以上,鼠流行性出血热病原检测为阴性。有121户家庭成员患过病,占被调查家庭的9.1%。20.7%的被调查对象提出了卫生防病需求。结论地震灾区无大的卫生隐患,为实现大灾之后无大疫的目标,需持续做好卫生工作。
Objective To understand the basic health status of residents after the earthquake in Shijing Town, and provide a scientific basis for making post-earthquake health and disease prevention measures. Methods A random sampling method was used for cluster sampling and the self-made questionnaire was used for household survey. Results 67.1% of households can use chlorinated disinfectants to disinfect domestic drinking water, of which 76.8% of households can do more than one disinfection per day. Families that completely eaten cooked food accounted for 82.8% of the households surveyed, 84.0% of households living in tents, 65.2% of the neat surroundings of the tent, 99.1% of the households using anti-mosquito measures, 64.2% With a distance of more than 5m. 92.3% of households did not decontaminate poultry and livestock excrement. The disinfection rate of living places and toilets reached more than 90%, and the detection of pathogenic hemorrhagic fever in rats was negative. A total of 121 family members were affected, accounting for 9.1% of the surveyed families. 20.7% of the respondents proposed the need for health and disease prevention. Conclusion There are no major health problems in the quake-hit areas. To achieve the goal of no major epidemic after the disaster, health work needs to be continued.