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目的：检测下呼吸道分离的多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌的外排泵相关基因，探讨其耐药机制。方法收集40株从下呼吸道分离出的多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌，通过PCR扩增其外排泵相关的耐药基因（mexA、mexB、mexC、mexR、OprD、OprN），分析外排泵相关耐药基因与抗生素耐药性的关系。结果在40株下呼吸道分离的多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌中，检测到全部6种外排泵相关耐药基因，mexB基因携带率最高为100．0％，mexA基因携带率最低仅为7．5％，携带两种以上耐药基因的菌株占85％。其中头孢类药物和β－内酰胺酶类药物耐药和mexC基因的表达相关，亚胺培南类药物耐药和OprD基因有关。结论下呼吸道分离的多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌均携带外排泵相关基因，它可能是铜绿假单胞菌产生多重耐药的重要机制。“,”Objective To detect resistance genes associated with efflux pump for multidrug-resistant pseudomonas isolated from lower respiratory tract, and explore its mechanism of multidrug-resistant of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods Forty strains of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated from lower respiratory tract. Resistance genes associated with efflux pump including mexA, mexB, mexC, mexR, OprD, and OprN were amplificated by polymerase chain reaction. Relationship of multidrug-resistance and resistance genes associated with efflux pump was analyzed. Results Six genes associated with efflux pump were all amplificated from these strains of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from lower respiratory tract. mexB gene was amplified from 40 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. mexA gene was amplified from 7.5% Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Eighty-five percent of the strains carried 2 genes associated with efflux pump. mexC gene was related to cephalosporins-resistance and beta-lactamase-resistance. OprD gene was related to imipenem-resistance. Conclusion Genes associated with efflux pump can be found in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from lower respiratory tract. Genes associated with efflux pump may be an important mechanism for multidrug-resistant.