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目的:对我国各地区基层医疗卫生机构效率进行评价分析,为政府对各地基层医疗卫生机构运行效率优化提供决策依据。方法:基于卫生统计年鉴数据,利用DEA分析法,对各地区基层医疗卫生机构效率进行总体评价,同时对村卫生室、乡镇卫生院和社区卫生服务中心(站)的效率进行了评价。结果:2014年我国基层医疗卫生机构的技术效率平均值为0.827,纯技术效率平均值为0.885,规模效率平均值为0.935;各地区的基层医疗卫生机构效率存在区域性差别和类型结构性差别。结论:各地方政府应优化基层医疗机构发展规模,提升规模效益。
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and analyze the efficiency of grass-roots medical and health institutions in all regions of China and provide the basis for decision making for the government to optimize the operating efficiency of primary health care institutions across the country. Methods: Based on the data from the Health Statistical Yearbook, DEA analysis was used to evaluate the efficiency of primary health care institutions in all regions. The efficiency of village clinics, township hospitals and community health service centers was also evaluated. Results: The average technical efficiency of basic medical and health institutions in China was 0.827 in 2014, the average of pure technical efficiency was 0.885, and the average of scale efficiency was 0.935. There was a regional difference and a type structure difference in the efficiency of primary health care institutions in all regions. Conclusion: All local governments should optimize the scale of development of grassroots medical institutions and enhance economies of scale.