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对某机械制造企业72名接触噪声作业人员进行纯音听力测试,其中接触锰烟尘的20名电焊工为锰接触组,其余52名机加工为对照组;再根据噪声作业时间分为≤15年、>15年两个工龄段,比较分析全部作业人员左耳与右耳、不同工龄段0.5~6 k Hz 6个频率纯音气导听阈变化规律。结果显示,≤15年、>15年两个工龄段的两组作业人员的噪声暴露水平差异均无统计学意义(t=23.61、P=0.54,t=24.45、P=0.98);>15年工龄段6个频率的听力损失耳检出率均比≤15年工龄段高,其中2、3、4、6 k Hz两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);作业人员在≤15年以及>15年两个工龄段中,锰接触组的0.5、1、3、4、6 k Hz频率听力损失耳检出率均比对照组高,并且在3、4、6 k Hz两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在>15年工龄段中,锰接触组1、2、3、4、6 k Hz频段听阈值的中位数较对照组有升高的现象。提示接触锰烟尘的电焊作业人员对噪声有易感性,并随着工龄的延长听力损失有加重趋势。
Totally 72 hearing-impaired workers in a machinery manufacturing company were tested for pure tone hearing. Among them, 20 welders contacted with manganese fume were the manganese contact group and the remaining 52 were machined into the control group. According to the noise operation time, they were divided into 15 years, > 15 years of two age groups, comparative analysis of all workers left ear and right ear, different length of 0.5 ~ 6 k Hz 6 pure tone gas phonation threshold changes. The results showed that there was no significant difference in noise exposure between the two groups of workers of age ≤ 15 and ≥ 15 years (t = 23.61, P = 0.54, t = 24.45, P = 0.98) The detection rate of ears with hearing loss at six frequency bands was higher than that at ≤15 years of age, among which, 2,3,4,6 k Hz was statistically significant (P <0.05) Year and> 15 years of age, the detection rate of hearing loss in 0.5, 1, 3, 4, 6 k Hz frequency of manganese exposure group were higher than those in control group, (P <0.05). In> 15 years of service, the median of hearing threshold of 1,2,3,4,6 k Hz band in Mn exposure group was higher than that in control group. Prompted contact with manganese fumes welding workers have a susceptibility to noise, and with the extension of working age, hearing loss tends to increase.