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在保加利亚的历史上有两个转折点时期:1878年是保加利亚从土耳其的奴役中解放山来的一年;以及1944年,是社会主义发展的开始。在这些年代中,国家的社会和经济结构有了巨大的改变,创造了发展公共卫生新型事业的有利条件。在1878年以前,保加利亚没有公共卫生组织。从这一年起,在俄国的帮助下建立起许多综合性医院。防痨工作就是由一般医疗单位来进行的。在1902年,医学会建议在医院内设立专门肺科。1905年成立一个肺结核病疗养院,1906年成立了一个骨、关节结核的海滨疗养院,1910年成立了一个结核病防治所。从1926年起开始应用卡介苗。在1944年以前,公共卫生事业发展得很慢。1944年在保加利亚有29个结核病防治所,2900张结核病床,86位结核专科医师,各科医师的总数为3516人(注:根据1946年的户口调查,保加利亚的人口有7,029,349人,其中1,816,187人在城市,5,213,162人在乡村;根据1956年的户口调查,人口增加到
There were two turning points in the history of Bulgaria: the year 1878 marked the liberation of Bulgaria from the enslavement in Turkey; and the beginning of socialist development in 1944. In these years, the social and economic structure of the country has undergone tremendous changes, creating favorable conditions for the development of a new type of public health undertaking. Before 1878, there was no public health organization in Bulgaria. Since then, many general hospitals have been established with the help of Russia. Anti-tuberculosis work is carried out by the general medical unit. In 1902, the Medical Association recommended setting up a special pulmonary department in the hospital. A tuberculosis nursing home was established in 1905, a bone and joint tuberculosis sanatorium was established in 1906 and a tuberculosis prevention and control station was established in 1910. Since 1926, BCG has been used. Before 1944, public health undertakings developed very slowly. In 1944 there were 29 tuberculosis prevention and treatment centers, 2,900 tuberculosis beds and 86 tuberculosis specialists in Bulgaria, with a total of 3,516 physicians (Note: According to the 1946 household survey, Bulgaria has 7,029,349 inhabitants, of whom 1,816,187 In cities, 5,213,162 people are in rural areas. According to the 1956 household survey, the population has increased to