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弹簧是一种被广泛使用的机械零件,在产品中起着非常重要的作用,其质量对产品的总体可靠性影响很大。无损检测是一种有效的质量控制手段,可用于弹簧的常用检测方法有涡流检测、磁粉检测、渗透检测和超声波检测。在试验中发现,超声表面波对夹杂、凹坑和横向裂纹的检测高效可靠,但对纵向裂纹容易漏检;磁粉检测对较深的拉痕、横向裂纹和纵向裂纹的检测灵敏度高,结果直观,但对于较小的点状夹杂和凹坑容易漏检。对比分析几种方法检测钢丝原材料和弹簧零件的基本原理、工艺特点后得出,应从弹簧零件的重要程度和受力情况等设计特点出发,根据材料、形状和可能存在的缺陷类型来确定最优的无损检测方案。
Spring is a widely used mechanical part that plays a very important role in a product whose quality has a great influence on the overall reliability of the product. Nondestructive testing is an effective quality control method commonly used in spring detection of eddy current testing, magnetic particle testing, penetration testing and ultrasonic testing. In the experiment, it is found that the detection of inclusions, pits and transverse cracks by ultrasonic surface waves is efficient and reliable, but the longitudinal cracks are easy to be missed. The magnetic powder detection has high detection sensitivity for deep drawing marks, transverse cracks and longitudinal cracks, and the results are intuitive , But easy to undetected for smaller dot inclusions and pits. Comparative analysis of several methods to detect the basic principle of steel wire and spring parts, the characteristics of the process come to the conclusion that spring should be based on the importance and strength of the design features such as starting conditions, according to the material, shape and possible types of defects to determine the optimal Non-destructive testing program.