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名词性从句在语法填空中经常出现，学好它，对阅读理解也大有好处。名词性从句主要注意以下几个问题：
①连接词的选择
②用whether不用if的场合
③that和what 在名词性从句中的区别
④that引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别
⑤whoever和who引导名词性从句时的区别
⑥命令，建议，要求等的词引导的名词性从句
1.连接词
名词性从句的连接词按其在从句中所起的作用分为：
1）连接代词：who(-ever), what(-ever), which(-ever), whom(-ever), whose
2）连接副词：when, where, why, how
3）连接词(表示是否)：whether, if
4)连接词（无意义）：that
连接代词和连接副词在从句中充当一定的句子成分，连接代词在从句中可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，连接副词在从句中作状语。而连接词在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。
2.名词性从句中的whether和if
①在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句及介词的宾语从句中遇“是否”句用whether引导而不用if；在动词宾语从句中whether和if常可换用。
We are interested in whether he will agree with us or not.
Whether he will come is unknown.
②作动词discuss的宾语时
Let’s discuss whether he is fit for the job.
③其后接动词不定式时
Can you tell me whether to go or to stay?
3.名词性从句中的what和that
what和that的选用一直是学生学习的一个难点，正确选择的关键是看该从句结构是否相对完整、是否缺少主语、宾语或表语等成分而定。如缺少成分用what。如不缺少成分用that，that在从句中不做任何成分，也没有意义。
What he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.
That he said nothing at the meeting surprised everybody present.
The problem is what we should do to protect the earth.
The fact is that we should do something to protect the earth.
4.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.
The suggestion (that/which) he gave me at the meeting is very good.
对比发现上句中的that只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分， 因此它引导的是同位语从句，其中that不能省略；下句中that不仅起引导作用，同时在从句中还充当了动词gave的宾语，因此它是定语从句，此时that可用which代替，又因其在定语从句中充当宾语，故又可省略。
5.由whoever/whatever/whichever/whomever引导的名词性从句
这些词引导的名词性从句相当于带有定语从句的名词词组：whoever=anyone who…“任何……的人”；whomever是它的宾格形式whatever=anything that… “任何……的物”whichever=any … that… “任何……的（已知范围内的或上文提到过的）人或物”
由who等疑问词引导的名词性从句有疑问语气。而whoever等词引导的名词性从句却无疑问语气。
The problem is who will go shopping with you.
Whoever saved the girl would be praised.
6.名词性从句中的虚拟语气
表示“命令、建议或要求”等词义出现时，不管是在哪一种从句中，常用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词形式为（should）+ 动词原形，其中should可省略。常用词有insist, suggest, order, demand, request等。
I suggest that you (should) give up smoking.
It is requested that the plan (should) be carried out as soon as possible.
（作者单位：河北省唐山市滦南一中）
①连接词的选择
②用whether不用if的场合
③that和what 在名词性从句中的区别
④that引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别
⑤whoever和who引导名词性从句时的区别
⑥命令，建议，要求等的词引导的名词性从句
1.连接词
名词性从句的连接词按其在从句中所起的作用分为：
1）连接代词：who(-ever), what(-ever), which(-ever), whom(-ever), whose
2）连接副词：when, where, why, how
3）连接词(表示是否)：whether, if
4)连接词（无意义）：that
连接代词和连接副词在从句中充当一定的句子成分，连接代词在从句中可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，连接副词在从句中作状语。而连接词在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。
2.名词性从句中的whether和if
①在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句及介词的宾语从句中遇“是否”句用whether引导而不用if；在动词宾语从句中whether和if常可换用。
We are interested in whether he will agree with us or not.
Whether he will come is unknown.
②作动词discuss的宾语时
Let’s discuss whether he is fit for the job.
③其后接动词不定式时
Can you tell me whether to go or to stay?
3.名词性从句中的what和that
what和that的选用一直是学生学习的一个难点，正确选择的关键是看该从句结构是否相对完整、是否缺少主语、宾语或表语等成分而定。如缺少成分用what。如不缺少成分用that，that在从句中不做任何成分，也没有意义。
What he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.
That he said nothing at the meeting surprised everybody present.
The problem is what we should do to protect the earth.
The fact is that we should do something to protect the earth.
4.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good.
The suggestion (that/which) he gave me at the meeting is very good.
对比发现上句中的that只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分， 因此它引导的是同位语从句，其中that不能省略；下句中that不仅起引导作用，同时在从句中还充当了动词gave的宾语，因此它是定语从句，此时that可用which代替，又因其在定语从句中充当宾语，故又可省略。
5.由whoever/whatever/whichever/whomever引导的名词性从句
这些词引导的名词性从句相当于带有定语从句的名词词组：whoever=anyone who…“任何……的人”；whomever是它的宾格形式whatever=anything that… “任何……的物”whichever=any … that… “任何……的（已知范围内的或上文提到过的）人或物”
由who等疑问词引导的名词性从句有疑问语气。而whoever等词引导的名词性从句却无疑问语气。
The problem is who will go shopping with you.
Whoever saved the girl would be praised.
6.名词性从句中的虚拟语气
表示“命令、建议或要求”等词义出现时，不管是在哪一种从句中，常用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词形式为（should）+ 动词原形，其中should可省略。常用词有insist, suggest, order, demand, request等。
I suggest that you (should) give up smoking.
It is requested that the plan (should) be carried out as soon as possible.
（作者单位：河北省唐山市滦南一中）