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后现代主义文学是指第二次世界大战之后出现在西方的文学流派。产生于20世纪50年代末至60年代初,70到80年代达到鼎盛,90年代逐渐分化与沉寂。它包括存在主义、荒诞戏剧派、新小说、黑色等。在这一历史时期内苏俄历史经历了解冻、停滞、改革阶段,其文学基本以社会主义现实主义为主流。而在此过程中,一些作家借鉴吸收西方后现代主义理论,结合自己的创作实践,构建了具有本民族特征的后现代主义文学即俄罗斯后现代主义文学。
Postmodernism refers to the genre of literature that emerged in the West after the Second World War. Produced in the late 1950s to early 1960s, reached its peak in the 70s and 80s, gradually differentiated and silenced in the 90s. It includes Existentialism, Absurd Drama, New Novels, Black and so on. During this historical period, the history of Soviet Russia experienced a period of thawing, stagnation and reform, and its literature was mainly based on socialist realism. In the process, some writers, drawing on the theory of absorbing postmodernism in the West and combining their own creative practice, have constructed the postmodernist literature with the characteristics of this nation, that is, the Russian postmodernist literature.