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禀:很早以前就是“卑幼向上长”陈述说明情况时的敬语动词,《宋书·刘穆之传》有“宾客辐辏,求诉百端,内外咨禀,盈阶满室.”其中“禀”即指下对上言事.到了清初,下级官府向上级谈及私事等不便于用公文的事时,就用书信体形式的“禀”来沟通.至乾隆中叶,禀成为一种正式上行文种,虽不再能在其中谈及私事等,但它从书信体演变而来,文字结构灵活,可以不用或少用公文套话,并且行文关系也不受公文运转程序限制,因而应用相当广泛.
Intrinsic: An honorific verb used in the statement of “humble yours to be up” long ago, “The Biography of Song in the Book of Songs of Liu Shu” includes guest verdicts, pleading with pleadings, counseling both inside and outside, and earning full satisfaction. In the early days of the Qing Dynasty, when the lower government officials talked to their superiors about private affairs and other inconveniences of using the official documents, they communicated with each other in the form of epistolary letters. An official type of upstart, although it can no longer talk about private matters in it, but it evolved from epistasis, the text structure is flexible, you can use less or less official documents, and the context is not limited by the official procedures, Thus a wide range of applications.