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２１世纪人类将迈进高度信息化的社会，信息的传输、处理和存储将要求空前的规模和速度，如何实现上述信息技术的飞跃，已成为本世纪初所面临的重大科学问题之一。随着科学技术的进步，半导体器件的尺寸越来越小，半导体材料也正经历着从三维体材料向二维超晶格、量子阱，一维
In the 21st century, mankind will move toward a highly informatized society. The transmission, processing and storage of information will require an unprecedented scale and speed. How to realize the leap in information technology as mentioned above has become one of the major scientific problems that this century faced. With the progress of science and technology, the size of semiconductor devices is getting smaller and smaller, semiconductor materials are also going through three-dimensional material to two-dimensional superlattice, quantum well, one-dimensional