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香港普选是“一国两制”下的中国地方行政长官普选,受“一国两制”方针和基本法的制约。中央对香港有完全的管治权,包括规定香港普选的目标、原则和制度框架,提出行政长官必须由爱国爱港者担任这样的政治原则。为贯彻这一政治原则,基本法确立了相应的法律和制度保障,这集中体现为提名委员会制度的确立。目前香港社会围绕普选议题的纷争,与对“一国两制”认识的误区有关:一是重“两制”、轻“一国”;二是重高度自治,轻中央权力;三是漠视宪法,选择性适用基本法。香港社会应端正认识误区,全面准确把握“一国两制”方针,严格依照基本法办事,在香港民主发展的关键时刻认清大势,做出理智、现实的判断。唯有如此才能保障香港普选的顺利进行。
The universal suffrage of Hong Kong is the universal suffrage for the Chinese local administrators under the principle of “one country, two systems” and the “one country, two systems” principle and the basic law. The Central Government has complete control over Hong Kong, including setting the goal, principle and institutional framework for Hong Kong’s universal suffrage and proposing that the Chief Executive must be patriotic and compassionate to take such a political principle. In order to carry out this political principle, the basic law has established the corresponding legal and institutional guarantee, which has embodied the establishment of the nominating committee system. At present, the dispute over the issue of universal suffrage in Hong Kong is related to the misunderstanding of understanding of “one country, two systems.” First, “two systems” and “one country” should be emphasized. Second, a high degree of autonomy and a light central authority should be adopted. It is to ignore the constitution and selectively apply the Basic Law. Hong Kong society should correct its misunderstanding and grasp the principle of “one country, two systems” comprehensively and accurately and act strictly in accordance with the Basic Law. We should understand the general situation in a crucial moment in the democratic development of Hong Kong and make sensible and realistic judgments. Only in this way can we guarantee the smooth progress of universal suffrage in Hong Kong.