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目的探讨轻度胃肠炎伴良性惊厥的临床特征,以提高对该病的认识和诊断、治疗水平。方法对某院收治的34例门诊以电解质紊乱、腹泻病收入的患儿的临床、实验室检查资料及治疗结果进行回顾分析。结果发病季节:1～3月份8例、9～12月份26例。惊厥特点:(1)惊厥均发生在疾病早期的3d内,首次惊厥出现时间:d14例(11.8%),d216例(47.1%),d314例(41.8%);(2)惊厥可在短期(大多24h)内连续发作多次,其中发作1次22例(64.7%),2次10例(29.4%),3次2例(8.8%);(3)惊厥发作形式均为全身性强直-痉挛性发作,每次持续时间短,多不超过5min,惊厥后无明显意识障碍,无明显后遗症;(4)随访患儿未有复发、预后良好,不影响生长发育。结论轻度胃肠炎伴良性惊厥主要发生在秋冬季,惊厥与电解质紊乱无关,预后良好,不必进行抗癫痫治疗。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of mild gastroenteritis with benign seizures in order to improve the understanding and diagnosis of the disease and the level of treatment. Methods A total of 34 outpatients admitted to a hospital were retrospectively analyzed with the clinical and laboratory data and treatment results of children with electrolyte imbalance and diarrhea. Results onset season: 1 to March in 8 cases, 9 to December in 26 cases. Convulsions characteristics: (1) convulsions occurred in the early 3d of the disease, the time of the first convulsion: d14 cases (11.8%), d216 cases (47.1%), d314 cases (41.8%); (2) convulsions in the short (24.4%) in 2 cases and 2 cases (8.8%) in 3 cases. (3) The seizures were all in the form of ankylosing spasm - Spastic seizures, each duration of short, no more than 5min, convulsions no obvious disturbance of consciousness, no obvious sequelae; (4) follow-up in children without recurrence, the prognosis is good, does not affect the growth and development. Conclusions Mild gastroenteritis with benign seizures mainly occurs in autumn and winter. Convulsions are not associated with electrolyte imbalance, and the prognosis is good. Antiepileptic treatment is not necessary.