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目的分析南昌市新生儿死亡的影响因素,从而制定有效的预防措施,为降低新生儿死亡率提供科学依据。方法对南昌市2011-2014年新生儿死亡评审资料进行回顾性分析。结果该地区4年期间出生活产共220 412例,新生儿死亡579例,死亡率2.63‰。对其中符合评审条件的97例新生儿死亡病例进行了市、县级评审,死亡新生儿中母亲孕周<37周的占41.24%;出生体重<2 500 g的占44.33%;死亡日龄<7 d的占78.35%。新生儿主要死因顺位为早产或低出生体重、出生窒息、新生儿肺炎、先天异常与意外窒息。结论加强围生期保健,防治早产和低出生体重、先天性异常,规范助产技术和新生儿窒息复苏技术、完善产儿科合作是降低新生儿死亡率的关键。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of neonatal death in Nanchang, so as to formulate effective preventive measures and provide a scientific basis for reducing neonatal mortality. Methods Retrospective analysis of 2011-2014 neonatal death assessment data in Nanchang City. Results A total of 220 412 live births, 579 neonatal deaths and a mortality rate of 2.63 ‰ were observed over the four-year period in the region. 97 cases of neonatal deaths that meet the assessment conditions were assessed at city and county level, the mothers’ gestational age <37 weeks accounted for 41.24%; the birth weight <2 500 g accounted for 44.33%; the death date < 7 d accounted for 78.35%. The leading cause of death in newborns was premature birth or low birth weight, birth asphyxia, neonatal pneumonia, congenital anomalies and accidental suffocation. Conclusion The key to reducing neonatal mortality is to strengthen perinatal care, prevent and cure premature birth and low birth weight, congenital abnormalities, standardize midwifery techniques and neonatal asphyxia recovery techniques and improve pediatric co-operation.