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本文综述了基于电荷转移作用的具有特定组装结构的功能分子体系的合成、自组装过程和性质.易于组装且结构-性能关系清晰的分子内电荷转移化合物的分子设计可以用来开发新颖的功能体系.我们阐述了通过在π共轭体系中引入杂环或杂原子或通过使用其他芳香环扩展芳香体系的共轭长度等方法合成分子内电荷转移化合物.分子内电荷转移化合物的给体/受体以及其连接基团极大地影响有机聚集体的形貌、尺寸和其光化学性能.非中心对称的超细纤维结构的独立非线性光学响应能够在光谱上和空间上被分离和调控;分子内电荷转移化合物的另一个应用是发展基于分子内电荷转移过程效率调控的分子传感器.通过分子内电荷转移化合物的可控自组装将获得新的或改进的化学和物理性质,该方法将被广泛应用于光学、电学和光电子领域.
In this paper, the synthesis, self-assembly process and properties of functional molecular systems with specific assembly structures based on charge transfer are reviewed.The molecular design of intramolecular charge-transfer compounds that are easy to assemble and have a clear structure-property relationship can be used to develop novel functional systems We describe the synthesis of intramolecular charge-transfer compounds by incorporating heterocycles or heteroatoms in π-conjugated systems or by extending the conjugation length of aromatic systems using other aromatic rings, etc. The donors / acceptors of intramolecular charge-transfer compounds And its attachment groups greatly influence the morphology, size and photochemical properties of organic aggregates.The independent nonlinear optical response of non-centrosymmetric microfiber structures can be spectrally and spatially separated and regulated; the intramolecular charge Another application of the transfer compounds is the development of molecular sensors based on the efficiency control of intramolecular charge transfer processes.With the new or improved chemical and physical properties obtained by controllable self assembly of intramolecular charge transfer compounds this method will find wide application in Optical, electrical and optoelectronic fields.