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目的掌握厦门市流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,为制定相应防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2011—2013年厦门市流行性腮腺炎发病数据进行分析。结果共报告流行性腮腺炎2 480例,年平均发病率22.91/10万,无死亡病例。4—7月和12月—次年1月为高发月份,发病数分别为1 156例、402例。各区年平均发病率由高到低依次为集美区33.40/10万、同安区30.43/10万、海沧区25.91/10万、湖里区22.18/10万、思明区17.08/10万、翔安区6.64/10万。男女比例为1.70:1,6岁儿童发病率最高,为369.58/10万。职业分布居前三位的依次为学生、幼托儿童、散居儿童,分别占发病总数的43.47%、26.33%、12.86%。发生2起突发公共卫生事件,地点均为中学。结论春末夏初和秋末冬初为厦门市流行性腮腺炎的高发季节,幼托儿童和低年级小学生是厦门市流行性腮腺炎防控的重点人群。建议完善流行性腮腺炎疫苗免疫策略,幼托机构和学校加强晨检措施,做到病例的早发现,早隔离。
Objective To grasp the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Xiamen and provide a scientific basis for the development of appropriate prevention and control measures. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of mumps in Xiamen City from 2011 to 2013. Results A total of 2 480 cases of mumps were reported, with an average annual incidence of 22.91 / 100,000 and no deaths. In April-July and December-January of the following year, the number of onset was 1,156 cases and 402 cases, respectively. The average annual incidence of all districts from high to low was 33.40 / 100,000 in Jimei District, 30.43 / 100,000 in Tong’an District, 25.91 / 100,000 in Haicang District, 22.18 / 100,000 in Huli District, 17.08 / 100,000 in Siming District, An area of 6.64 / 100,000. The male-female ratio was 1.70: the highest incidence of children aged 1 and 6 was 369.58 / 100,000. The top three occupations are students, preschool children and scattered children, accounting for 43.47%, 26.33% and 12.86% of the total respectively. Two public health emergencies took place at secondary schools. Conclusion The late spring and early autumn and early autumn and early winter are the high season of mumps in Xiamen City, and the children of kindergarten and primary school pupils in lower grades are the key population of mumps prevention and control in Xiamen. Suggestions to improve the mumps vaccine immunization strategy, child care institutions and schools to strengthen the morning inspection measures, so early detection of cases, early isolation.