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唐刘知几著《史通》,说著史须具备三个条件,才,学,识。我这里是想扩大“人”的范围,只说读史。读史是否同样需要才和学?且不管这样多,只说切不少的是史识。识者,见识也,加细说是一,记载有真有假,要有分辨的能力,取真舍假;二,记载的事真,会牵涉是非问题,要能够评定是非。第一步像是比较简单,但也不那么容易,如武王伐纣,《尚书·武成》篇有“血流漂杵”的话,孟子不信,说:“尽信书则不如无书,吾于《武成》,取二三策而已矣。仁人无敌于天下,以至仁伐至不仁,而何其血之流杵也?”(《孟子·尽心下》)照孟子的想法,周攻商,商军队应该不抵抗,因为正义在周人之手。事实显然不
Tang Liu know a few “history pass”, saying that history must have three conditions, talent, learning, knowledge. My purpose here is to expand the scope of “people” and only to read history. Is it necessary to read history as well as learn? Knowledge, insight, refinement is a record of true or false, have the ability to distinguish, take real leave; Second, the recorded matter really, will involve non-issue, to be able to assess the right and wrong. The first step is simpler, but not so easy. If King Wu Shao-juan and Shang Shu Wu Cheng had a blood dripping pestle, Mencius did not believe it and said: In the “Wu Cheng”, take two or three policy only carry on. Invincible invincible in the world, as well as benevolence, but why the blood of pestle too? “(” Mencius dedication ") According to Mencius’s idea, Business troops should not resist because justice is in the hands of the week. The fact is obviously not