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目的 了解2011—2015年瓯海区大学生艾滋病知识知晓率、性行为特征和接受艾滋病相关服务情况,为制订艾滋病防治策略及干预措施提供依据。方法 根据《全国艾滋病哨点监测实施方案》要求,对2011—2015年瓯海区大学生艾滋病监测哨点的4000名学生进行问卷调查,对艾滋病知识知晓情况、性行为特征和接受艾滋病服务情况进行描述性分析。结果 2011—2015年监测的4000名大学生艾滋病知识总体知晓率为93.00%(3720/4000),9.78%的监测对象有过性行为,首次性行为平均年龄为19.18岁。男生性行为发生率及性行为时每次使用安全套的比例呈逐年升高趋势(P<0.05)。首次性行为中安全套使用率为46.29%(181/391),5年差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。有过性行为的大学生中14.83%(58/391)最近一年发生过危险性行为,危险性行为发生率呈逐年降低趋势(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,男性、艾滋病知晓率低者危险性行为发生率更高(均P<0.05)。5年来参与过预防艾滋病宣传服务的比例呈下降趋势(P<0.05),接受过预防艾滋病宣传服务及做过HIV检测的比例均较低,且无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论 大学生安全套使用率较低,接受艾滋病相关服务的比例较低,应针对不同性别学生开展健康教育,提高学生对艾滋病风险的识别和规避能力。
Objective To understand the awareness of HIV / AIDS, sexual behavior and HIV / AIDS related services among college students in Ouhai District during 2011-2015, and to provide basis for formulating strategies and interventions for HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment. Methods According to the requirements of the National AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Implementation Plan, 4,000 students from the AIDS Epidemiological Surveillance sentinel sites in Ouhai District during 2011-2015 were surveyed, and the knowledge of HIV / AIDS, sexual characteristics and HIV / AIDS services were described. Sexual analysis. Results The overall awareness of AIDS among 4,000 college students monitored in 2011-2015 was 93.00% (3720/4000), 9.78% of the subjects had sexual behavior, and the average age of first-time sexual behavior was 19.18 years. The incidence of sexual behaviors among boys and the proportion of condoms used during sexual activities showed an increasing trend year by year (P <0.05). The condom use rate in the first sexual intercourse was 46.29% (181/391), with no significant difference in 5 years (P> 0.05). 14.83% (58/391) of college students who had had sexual intercourse had had dangerous behaviors in the recent year, and the incidence of dangerous behaviors decreased year by year (P <0.05). Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of risk behaviors among men and AIDS patients with the lowest awareness rates was higher (all P <0.05). In the past five years, the proportion of HIV / AIDS prevention and treatment services (P <0.05) has been declining. The number of people receiving HIV prevention services and HIV testing has been relatively low with no significant change (P> 0.05). Conclusions The rate of condom use among college students is relatively low, and the proportion of AIDS-related services is relatively low. Health education should be conducted for students of different genders so as to enhance students’ ability to recognize and avoid AIDS.