论文部分内容阅读
玉米是高秆作物,耗水量大,水分对产量的影响较大。干旱使得玉米植株矮化,玉米叶面积指数下降,玉米叶老化时间提前,玉米抽雄和吐丝时间推迟,玉米抽雄吐丝间隔期加长,授粉不良,最终使得玉米果穗性状恶化,造成玉米大幅减产甚至绝收,而且此时期的干旱对玉米产量的影响是不可逆转的。不同程度的干旱对玉米营养生长和生殖生长均产生不利影响,随着干旱强度的加强,玉米减产幅度也增加。分析了干旱对玉米各生育时期生长发育的影响,提出了防御对策,包括选用抗旱良种、选地整地、适期播种、中耕松土、合理施肥、及时灌溉等内容,以期为玉米减轻干旱危害,达到高产、稳产提供技术支持。
Corn is a high-stalk crop, water consumption, water on the yield greater impact. Drought caused dwarf maize plants, decreased leaf area index of maize leaves, earlier maize leaf aging time, delayed tasseling and silking of maize, prolonged interval between pollination of maize and pollination, poor pollination, which eventually led to the deterioration of maize ear traits and resulted in a substantial yield reduction of corn or even No harvest, and the impact of this period of drought on corn production is irreversible. Different degrees of drought have a negative impact on the vegetative and reproductive growth of maize. With the intensification of drought intensity, the yield reduction of maize also increases. This paper analyzed the effects of drought on the growth and development of maize in different growth stages and put forward the defensive countermeasures, including the selection of drought-resistant varieties, site selection, site sowing, soil cultivating, rational fertilization and timely irrigation. To achieve high yield, stable production to provide technical support.