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2008年的国际金融危机和2010年的欧洲主权债务危机对我国经济造成严重冲击,由于出口增速大幅度下降,投资和内需增长乏力,我国一些产业出现严重的产能过剩。产能过剩意味着资本的无效占用和浪费,常常又与落后产能问题交织在一起,会对金融稳定、就业和环境等方面产生不良影响,因此产能过剩问题一直都是我国产业政策的重点内容。2012年年底召开的中央经济工作会议提出把化解产能过剩矛盾作为工作重点,2013年3月,新一届政府的国务院常务会议指出,要“分行业提出化解产能过剩矛盾的具体办法”。
The international financial crisis in 2008 and the sovereign debt crisis in Europe in 2010 have seriously affected China’s economy. Due to the drastic drop in export growth and the sluggish investment and domestic demand growth, some industries in our country have serious overcapacity. Overcapacity means that the inefficient occupation and waste of capital are often intertwined with the problem of backward production capacity, which will adversely affect financial stability, employment and environment. Therefore, the problem of overcapacity has always been the focus of our industrial policies. At the end of 2012, the Central Economic Work Conference proposed to resolve the overcapacity contradiction as a key issue. In March 2013, a new government executive meeting of the State Council pointed out that it is necessary to “formulate specific measures for resolving the contradictions of overcapacity in industries”.