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随着我国鸟类生存环境的改善,北方地区与大豆生产相关的鸟类数量得到恢复。鸟类与大豆具有十分密切的相生相克关系,是自然生态环境中食物链之一。旱地大豆苗期主要受鸠鸽科和雉科中部分鸟类威胁,常常导致大豆缺苗断垄或毁苗情况出现。这些鸟类包括岩鸽、原鸽、灰斑鸠、粉头斑鸠、石鸡、大石鸡、雉鸡和鹌鹑8个主要种类,它们多数为国家级保护动物,严禁猎杀。依据这些鸟类危害大豆的特点提出保护性防治措施,主要包括:(1)选择抗旱性强、籽粒小、子叶青色、紫花类型大豆品种,规避鸟类危害;(2)采用以快速集中出苗目标的栽培技术,减轻鸟类危害;(3)采用驱鸟剂和驱鸟器等保护性措施,防治鸟类危害。
As the living environment of birds in our country improves, the number of birds associated with soybean production in the north has been restored. Birds and soybeans have a very close relationship with each other and are one of the food chains in the natural environment. Soybean dry land drought is mainly caused by dove-pigeon families and pheasants part of the threat of birds, often resulting in missing seedlings or soybean seedlings destroyed seedling situation. These birds include rock pigeon, pigeon, dove, dove, dove, rock, pheasant and quail eight main species, most of them are national protected animals, is strictly prohibited hunting. Based on the characteristics of these birds endanger the soybean protection measures, mainly include: (1) selection of drought-resistant, small seeds, cotyledons blue, purple type of soybean varieties, to avoid bird hazards; (2) Of the cultivation techniques to reduce bird hazards; (3) the use of bird repellent and bird control and other protective measures to prevent bird hazards.