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意大利的国家参与制别具一格,对于我们改革国有资产管理体制,提高国有企业经济效益,充分发挥国有企业在国民经济中的骨干作用,具有重要的借鉴意义和参考价值。一、国家参与制企业的地位意大利的公有经济比重很高。80年代末,政府部门和公有经济在全国总的就业、生产和投资的份额中占20.8%、22.8%和33.4%。公有企业主要分布在对经济发展具有战略意义的基础产业部门,垄断程度高。国家参与制企业在公有经济中居主要地位,占公有企业就业人数的37%(55万人)和投资的近60%,占全国总就业的2.5%,新增价值的4.1%、投资的7.4%。国家参与制的绝大部分企业组合成伊利(IRI)、埃尼(ENI)和艾菲姆(EFIM)三大集团,年营业额共1000亿美元,净产值400亿美
Italy’s participation in the country has a unique style. It has important reference and reference value for us to reform the state-owned assets management system, improve the economic benefits of state-owned enterprises, and give full play to the backbone of state-owned enterprises in the national economy. First, the status of national participation in the enterprise Italy’s public economy has a high proportion. At the end of the 1980s, government departments and the public sector accounted for 20.8%, 22.8%, and 33.4% of the country’s total share of employment, production, and investment. Publicly-owned enterprises are mainly distributed in basic industrial sectors that are strategically important for economic development and have a high level of monopoly. National participation enterprises play a major role in the public economy, accounting for 37% of the employment of public enterprises (55 million people) and nearly 60% of investment, accounting for 2.5% of total employment, 4.1% of new value added, and 7.4% of investment. . Most of the companies involved in the national participation system are grouped into three major groups: IRI, ENI, and EFIM. The annual turnover is 100 billion U.S. dollars and the net output value is 40 billion U.S. dollars.