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1992年春邓小平同志的南巡谈话将中国经济改革推向新阶段,经过两年的统一认识和方案设计,自1994年开始,改革进入攻坚阶段,局部市场化转向全面市场化,渐进式转向加速式,简单的经济关系调整向整体式制度创新。但是新阶段的改革将面临许多矛盾和问题,存在一些制度操作上的难点。其中,把国有企业推向市场必然要加快产权重新配置,不少企业不得不破产、改组或合并。这就有一个裁员和就业重组问题,就业市场化推动失业公开化。那么,如何解决可能失业的人员的后顾之忧?如何让就业制度创新稳定过渡?其中关键的是加快建立市场型的社会保障制度。这一工作如何展开?我们首先考虑的问题是:发达市场经济国家在福利和社会保障的制度安排和政策指导上是如何做的?它们有什么经验教训?目前的困境和改革趋势怎样?为了回答这些问题,本刊自本期开始刊登陈东琪主持的“十国社会保障改革项目研究组”最新的研究成果,分批发表在“十国社会保障改革系列报告”栏目内。之后,本刊将组织笔者论坛,以“中国社会保障改革基本途径”为题,欢迎读者在阅读“十国社会保障改革报告”后,用千字文参加讨论。恳切希望读者支持和参加这一论坛,为中国经济改革在本世纪末之前的冲刺尽心献力！
In the spring of 1992, Comrade Deng Xiaoping talked about South China Tour to push China’s economic reform to a new stage. After two years of unification and program design, since 1994, the reform has entered a crucial stage. Local marketization has shifted to full marketization, gradual shift toward acceleration , A simple adjustment of economic relations to the overall system of innovation. However, the reform in the new phase will face many contradictions and problems, and some difficulties in system operation exist. Among them, the state-owned enterprises must be accelerated to market re-allocation of property rights, many companies have bankruptcy, restructuring or merger. There is a problem of layoffs and employment restructuring and the liberalization of job market. So, how to solve the worries of those who may be unemployed? How to make the employment system innovation and stability transition? The key is to speed up the establishment of a market-based social security system. How to start this work? The first question we should consider is: What are the experiences of the developed market economy countries in institutional arrangements and policy guidance on welfare and social security? What are their lessons? What are the current dilemmas and the trends of reform? These issues, this issue from the beginning of this issue of Chen Dongqi presided over the “ten countries social security reform project research group” the latest research results, published in batches in the “Ten Countries Social Security Reform Series” section. After that, the magazine will organize the author forum, entitled “The Basic Ways of Social Security Reform in China”, and welcome readers to participate in the discussion after reading the “Ten Social Security Reform Report”. I sincerely hope that readers will support and participate in this forum and give dedication to the spurt of China’s economic reform by the end of this century!