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法人是由法律赋予的、具有权利能力、在社会生活中作为独立主体表现的、由一定数量的成员结合或具有特殊目的财产的团体组织。法人的独立人格与独立责任之间并没有本质的联系。基于对民法上的人逻辑上的分类,法人应该包括所有人格化的团体。德国民法首创的以独立责任作为法人本质特征的狭隘法人慨念已经为相关判例和商法所弱化。法人责任形式多样化、法人的内涵和外延扩大化是现代法人的发展趋势。我们应该废除现行法律制度中的狭隘的法人慨念,依靠权利能力制度,将自然人以外的所有人格化的团体纳入法人之列。形或一个包括有限责任公司、股份有限公司、一人公司、个人企业、合伙、财团、国家、国家机关在内的法人制度,从而构建符合民事主体发展趋势的,逻辑严密的二元主体结构。
A legal person is organized by a body that is given by law and has the power and ability to perform as an independent main body in social life and is bound by a certain number of members or has special purpose property. There is no essential connection between legal personality and independent responsibility. Based on the logical classification of people in civil law, corporations should include all the personified groups. German private law pioneered by the independent responsibility as a legal personality traits narrow-minded concept has been weakened by the relevant jurisprudence and commercial law. The diversification of corporate liability forms and the expansion of legal person's corporate culture are the development trend of modern legal persons. We should abolish the narrow concept of juridical persons in the current legal system and rely on the system of rights and interests to include all the personalized groups other than natural persons as legal persons. Or a legal entity system including limited liability companies, joint stock limited companies, one-person companies, individual enterprises, partnerships, consortia, countries and state organs, so as to construct a logically structured dual subject structure in line with the development trend of civil subjects.