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矿山地震活动可直接揭示矿山岩体活动状态和危险性水平。利用冬瓜山铜矿矿山地震监测数据,采用广义关联积分计算地震震源空间分布的分形维,利用Gutenberg-Richter关系中的b值与地震事件能量分形维关系计算地震能量分形维,并结合开采活动及矿山结构特征,研究矿山地震活动的分形结构特性和时域谱特征。研究结果表明,矿山地震活动具有多重分形特性,它与开采活动及矿山结构特点之间存在相关性;只有当计算空间区域的地震分形结构较均匀时,其分形维才能有效应用于地震活动性预测。这些空间通常对应于采掘类型少和结构单一的空间区域。地震空间分布分形维D∞反映了矿山地震活动状态,其时域谱具有较好的主震前兆特征,可以作为地震预测的参数;D2-D∞时域谱的地震前兆性较差,较难预测主震。
Seismic activities of mines can directly reveal the activity status and risk level of mines. Based on the monitoring data of the Dongguashan copper mine, the generalized correlation integral was used to calculate the fractal dimension of the seismic source spatial distribution. The fractal dimension of seismic energy was calculated by using the b value of the Gutenberg-Richter relationship and the energy fractal dimension of the seismic event. Mine structural features, the study of fractal seismic characteristics of mining activities and time-domain spectral features. The results show that the seismic activity in mines has multifractal characteristics and is related to the mining activities and the structural characteristics of mines. The fractal dimension can be effectively applied to the prediction of seismic activity only when the fractal structure of the earthquake in the computational space is relatively uniform . These spaces generally correspond to a small number of extractive areas and a single area of space. The fractal dimension D∞ of the seismic spatial distribution reflects the seismic activity of the mine, and the time-domain spectrum has good features of the precursors of the main shocks and can be used as the parameters of the earthquake prediction. The D2-D∞ time-domain spectrum has less earthquake precursors and harder Predict the main shock.