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流行病学研究显示妇女在怀孕期间接触邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物后,所产男婴易患隐睾、尿道下裂、成年期睾丸肿瘤及精液质量低下等症状。这类症状可统称为睾丸源性生殖障碍综合征(testicular dysgenesis syndrome,TDS)。TDS可能是由男性胎儿睾丸的发育在子宫内受到影响不能发育出具有正常功能的睾丸间质(Leydig)细胞和支持(Sertoli)细胞引起的。例如,睾丸间质细胞接触邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物后,睾丸间质细胞的两种产物———睾酮和胰岛素样生长因子3(INSL3)———受到了抑制,两者对于睾丸下降起关键作用。成年期睾丸的胎儿型间质细胞和支持细胞错位可能是精子生成减少的原因。
Epidemiological studies have shown that women exposed to phthalates during pregnancy, the baby boy born susceptible to cryptorchidism, hypospadias, adult testicular tumors and semen quality and other symptoms. Such symptoms may be collectively referred to as testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS). TDS may be caused by the development of male fetal testes in the womb that can not develop normal functioning Leydig cells and Sertoli cells. For example, when testicular stromal cells are exposed to phthalates, both testosterone and insulin-like growth factor 3 (INSL3) - are suppressed in both testicular stromal cells, Key role. Dislocation of fetal stromal cells and supporting cells in adult testes may be responsible for the reduction of spermatogenesis.