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热融湖是高纬度和高海拔富冰多年冻土区重要的自然景观。这些湖由于富冰多年冻土或地下冰的融化而形成,由于湖水向周边多年冻土传递热量而持续扩张。以青藏高原北麓河地区一个热融湖的信息和冻土监测资料为基础,运用柱坐标系下伴有相变的热传导模型模拟了以不同的横向扩张速率演化的热融湖湖下融区的发展过程。结果表明:在青藏高原多年冻土厚度为75 m的北麓河盆地,分别以横向扩张速率0.10 m·a~(-1)、0.15 m·a~(-1)、0.20 m·a~(-1)和0.25 m·a~(-1)演化的热融湖,在湖形成分别达760 a、703 a、671 a和652 a时,湖下形成贯通融区,相应的多年冻土从上向下融化的平均速率分别为8.22 cm·a~(-1),8.89 cm·a~(-1),9.31 cm·a~(-1)和9.74 cm·a~(-1)。热融湖的横向扩张速率对湖下的融区发展和土壤热状况有重要的影响,在现场调查资料的基础上选取正确的热融湖横向扩张速率是热融湖对多年冻土热状况作用数值模拟研究的必要前提。
Hot-melt lake is an important natural landscape of high-latitude and high-altitude ice-rich permafrost. These lakes are formed as a result of melting ice-rich permafrost or subsurface ice, continuing to expand as the lake transfers heat to the permafrost surrounding it. In a hot melt lake information and monitoring data Bailuhe permafrost regions based on the use heat conduction model cylindrical coordinates associated with phase transition to simulated evolution rate of expansion different lateral zone melting under hot melt Lake The development process. The results show that in the Beiluhe basin with the permafrost thickness of 75 m on the Qinghai - Tibet Plateau, the horizontal expansion rates are 0.10 m · a -1, 0.15 m · a -1 and 0.20 m · a ~ -1) and 0.25 m · a -1 hot melt lake. When the lakes formed 760 a, 703 a, 671 a and 652 a, respectively, the lake formed a through-melting zone and the corresponding permafrost The average rates of thawing downward were 8.22 cm · a -1, 8.89 cm · a -1, 9.31 cm · a -1 and 9.74 cm · a -1, respectively. The lateral expansion rate of the hot-melt lake has an important influence on the development of the melting zone and the soil thermal condition under the lake. Based on the field survey data, selecting the right transverse expansion rate of the hot-melt lake is the effect of the hot-melt lake on the thermal status of the permafrost Necessary Premise of Numerical Simulation Research.