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礼貌言语一直是语用学研究的热点之一。以往研究礼貌言语且有重大影响的理论有Brown和Levinson的面子理论、Leech的礼貌原则、顾曰国的礼貌准则。虽然这些理论的提出极大地促进了学者对礼貌言语的研究,但都无法普遍适用地解释不同文化之间的礼貌言语。而Vershueren的顺应论为研究礼貌言语提供了一个更为科学、更为完善的理论框架。首先,顺应论对礼貌言语的阐释覆盖面更广,具有普遍适用性;其次,顺应论更加重视语境因素对礼貌言语选择的影响;最后,顺应论认为礼貌言语是话语与语境互动的结果。
Polite language has always been one of the hot topics in pragmatics research. In the past, the theories of politeness and speech that had a significant influence were the face theory of Brown and Levinson, the principle of politeness of Leech, and the politeness criterion of Gu Yueguo. Although the proposition of these theories has greatly promoted the research of polite language by scholars, it is impossible to explain the polite language between different cultures universally. Vershueren’s Adaptation Theory provides a more scientific and more perfect theoretical framework for studying polite language. First of all, Adaptation Theory has a broader coverage and universal applicability to interpret polite language. Secondly, Adaptation Theory pays more attention to the influence of context on polite choice of speech. Finally, Adaptation Theory considers that polite speech is the result of interaction between discourse and context.