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1979年以来,由于实行“一国两制”、和平统一祖国的方针,以及台湾岛内经济、民众压力的加强,台湾当局被迫调整其大陆经贸政策,海峡两岸经贸关系有了很大变化和发展,并已由贸易主导转向投资主导。尽管台湾当局还没有拆除完障碍,但两岸经贸关系的发展是不可逆转的。随着所谓“戡乱时期”的终止及两岸关系进一步缓和,两岸经贸关系必有较大的发展。本文拟就海峡两岸经贸关系现状与“戡乱时期”终止后的走势进行粗浅的分析。一、海峡两岸经贸关系现状从60年代开始,台湾大力发展劳动密集型出口加工工业,以出口扩张方式使经济起飞,在外贸带动下,台湾经济发展很快。1989年台湾岛内经济增长率仍为7.21%,全年国民生产总值毛额为新台币39665亿元,人均为7518美元,外贸总额超过1184亿美元,外汇储备740亿美元,加上黄金储备等达838亿美元,居世界第一位,加上民间资本1000多亿美元,共计2000亿美元左右。1990年台湾国民生产毛额为新台币43494亿元,折合1617亿美元,人均为7997美元,经济成长率为5.29%,对
Since 1979, due to the principle of “one country, two systems” and the peaceful reunification of the motherland, as well as the pressure on Taiwan’s economy and people, the Taiwan authorities have been forced to adjust their economic and trade policies on the mainland. The economic and trade relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait have undergone great changes and developments. Has been the dominant trade-led investment. Although the Taiwan authorities have not yet dismantled the obstacles, the development of cross-Strait economic and trade relations is irreversible. With the termination of the so-called “chaos period” and the further easing of cross-Strait relations, the cross-Strait economic and trade relations must have greater development. This article intends to conduct a superficial analysis on the status quo of the economic and trade relations across the Taiwan Strait and the trend after the “chaos period” ended. I. Status Quo of Cross-Strait Economic and Trade Relations Since the 1960s, Taiwan has been vigorously developing its labor-intensive export processing industry and has taken an economic take-off by export expansion. Under the guidance of foreign trade, Taiwan’s economy has developed rapidly. In 1989, the economic growth rate in Taiwan was still 7.21%. The gross national product of the year amounted to NT 39.665 billion gross and per capita US $ 7518, foreign trade totaling more than US $ 118.4 billion and foreign exchange reserves of 74.4 billion U.S. dollars. Together with the gold reserves Amounting to 83.8 billion U.S. dollars, ranking the first in the world, adding more than 100 billion U.S. dollars to private capital, totaling about 200 billion U.S. dollars. In 1990, the gross domestic product of Taiwan was NT 4,349.4 billion, equivalent to 161.7 billion U.S. dollars, with a per capita income of 7,997 U.S. dollars and a rate of economic growth of 5.29 percent.