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焊接结构不但具有重量轻、刚性大的优点,而且还可以节约金属、工时和节省劳动力,因而很多大型机架和机座都采用焊接结构。但是,为了清除焊接应力,提高焊接结构的强度,焊后必须进行除应力处理。这种工艺是非常麻烦的,既要有一个尺寸很大的退火炉,又要浪费大量的燃料,既费工又费时。端士Sulzer公司研究了多层焊焊缝应力的变化情况,采用不同焊层收缩造成压应力来抵消焊接拉应力,以代替焊后退火工序,并能提高构件的疲劳强度。我们分析了有关资料,综合介绍如下.多层焊缝中应力变化情况在第一层焊缝焊接时,焊缝因收缩会产生拉应力,
Welded structure not only has the advantages of light weight, large rigidity, but also can save the metal, man-hours and save labor, so many large rack and base are welded structure. However, in order to remove the welding stress and improve the strength of the welded structure, the stress-relieving treatment must be performed after welding. This process is very troublesome, requiring not only a large annealing furnace, but also a lot of waste of fuel, both laborious and time-consuming. Endressure Sulzer company studied the multi-layer weld seam stress changes, the use of different shrinkage of welding layer caused by compressive stress to offset the welding tensile stress, instead of post-weld annealing process, and can improve the fatigue strength of components. We have analyzed the relevant information and summarized as follows: Stress Variation in Multi-Layer Welds When the first layer of welding seam is welded, the weld will have tensile stress due to shrinkage,