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中国最早也是唯一的港口管理法规,是1954年元月21日政务院第203次政务会议通过颁布的《中华人民共和国海港管理条例》。该项法规执行了34年,已于1988年6月18日宣布废止。 《中国港口法》的起草制订工作,始于70年代末。文通部有关司局、中国港口协会以及有关港口的专家参与了这项工作。但终因有关领导对港口管理体制模式,思想认识不统一;部里机构多变,而未能尽快出台。 下面谈谈个人对中国港口管理体制模式的看法。 (一) 对中国港口管理体制历史沿革的回顾 1954年初,中央人民政府政务院颁布了《海港管理条例》,明确规定港务局既是政府主管港口管理工作的行政当局,又是经营码头装卸、仓储等业务,实行“独立核算、自负盈亏”的经济实体。实际上是学习苏联港口管理的体制模式,明确港务局是“政企合一”的性质,是“企业性质的管理局”。其后,曾一度实行过“大港管小港”和“航
The first and only port administration regulation in China was the “Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Administration of the Harbor” promulgated by the 203rd government meeting of the State Council on January 21, 1954. The law, which has been in force for 34 years, was annulled on June 18, 1988. The drafting and drafting of the “Chinese Port Law” began in the late 1970s. Department of Communications Department, Bureau of China Port Association and the relevant port experts involved in this work. However, due to the leadership of the port management system model, ideological understanding is not uniform; Ministry agencies changeable, but failed to be introduced as soon as possible. Here to talk about personal views of the Chinese port management system model. (I) Review of Historical Evolution of China’s Port Management System In early 1954, the Central People’s Government’s Administrative Council promulgated the “Harbor Management Regulations” clearly stipulating that the Port Authority is both the government administration authority in charge of harbor management and the terminal handling, warehousing, etc. , The implementation of “independent accounting, self-financing” economic entity. In fact, it is to learn the institutional mode of the Soviet Union’s port management. It is clear that the port authority is of a “unity of government and enterprises” and “an administration of enterprise nature.” Since then, once implemented “big port control small port” and "flight